Growing up in this modern world, there is a good chance that you?ve heard of people getting a nose job under the guise of correcting a ?breathing problem? when their real intention is to correct an aesthetic issue with their nose. There are, of course, some of those out there who will claim their nose jobs were for alleviation of a breathing issue when they are merely addressing a cosmetic issue with their noses, but there are also some people out there who will legitimately benefit- from a medical standpoint- from a nose job.
Cosmetically, the nose job- or rhinoplasty procedure, as it is technically known- is capable of re-shaping the nose so that a Beverly Hills plastic surgeon can create a nose that is more proportional and aesthetically-pleasing for the patient?s face. Patients who choose to undergo a cosmetic rhinoplasty typically choose to do so in order to reduce the size of the nose, to reduce the ?hump? of the nose, or to correct an asymmetry of the nose. While some of these patients were born with an actual physical deformity of the nose that they?d like to correct, most of these patients have relatively simple, cosmetic issues that they?d like to correct.
While it may seem as though the majority of those who undergo the rhinoplasty procedure choose to do so for cosmetic reasons, a good amount of rhinoplasty patients do so for restorative, functional reasons. Patients who have developed a nasal issue or have experienced some level of nasal trauma from an injury or accident can all have their issues addressed with the rhinoplasty procedure.
Go for more details about revision Rhinoplasty Beverly HillsClick Here:
Medically, the most common nasal issue that people choose to correct with the rhinoplasty is the deviated septum. A deviated septum is a structural issue of the nose in which breathing is made difficult. The septum, which is the cartilage that runs down the center of the nose, can become off-center, resulting in a development of a deviated septum- some people are born with this condition, some people naturally develop this condition, and other people develop a deviated symptom after experiencing an injury to the nose. In rare cases patients may develop a deviated septum after a rhinoplasty, necessitating a second or revision rhinoplasty in Beverly Hills.
It has been estimated that about 80% of the population has a deviated septum, but the great majority of these people have such mild cases of deviated septums that they are hardly noticeable. However, for those who have a noticeable case of a deviated septum, it would be wise for them to treat it as soon as possible as a deviated septum that has been left untreated can eventually result in sinusitis or sinus infections.
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Wood on the seafloor -- an oasis for deep-sea lifePublic release date: 22-Jan-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Dr. Christina Bienhold cbienhol@mpi-bremen.de 49-421-202-8869 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Sunken woods promote the dispersal of rare deep-sea animals, forming hotspots of biodiversity at the deep seafloor
This press release is available in German.
Trees do not grow in the deep sea, nevertheless sunken pieces of wood can develop into oases for deep-sea life - at least temporarily until the wood is fully degraded. A team of Max Planck researchers from Germany now showed how sunken wood can develop into attractive habitats for a variety of microorganisms and invertebrates. By using underwater robot technology, they confirmed their hypothesis that animals from hot and cold seeps would be attracted to the wood due to the activity of bacteria, which produce hydrogen sulfide during wood degradation.
Many of the animals thriving at hydrothermal vents and cold seeps require special forms of energy such as methane and hydrogen sulfide emerging from the ocean floor. They carry bacterial symbionts in their body, which convert the energy from these compounds into food. The vents and seeps are often separated by hundreds of kilometers of deep-sea desert, with no connection between them.
For a long time it was an unsolved mystery how animals can disperse between those rare oases of energy in the deep sea. One hypothesis was that sunken whale carcasses, large dead algae, and also sunken woods could serve as food source and temporary habitat for deep-sea animals, but only if bacteria were able to produce methane and sulfur compounds from it.
To tackle this question, the team deposited wood logs on the Eastern Mediterranean seafloor at depths of 1700 meters and returned after one year to study the fauna, bacteria, and chemical microgradients.
"We were surprised how many animals had populated the wood already after one year. The main colonizers were wood-boring bivalves of the genus Xylophaga, also named "shipworms" after their shallow-water counterparts. The wood-boring Xylophaga essentially constitute the vanguard and prepare the habitat for other followers," Bienhold said. But they also need assistance from bacteria, namely to make use of the cellulose from the wood, which is difficult to digest."
The team of researchers observed that the wood-boring bivalves had cut large parts of the wood into smaller chips, which were further degraded by many other organisms. This activity led to the consumption of oxygen, enabling the production of hydrogen sulfide by sulfate-reducing microorganisms. And indeed, the researchers also found a mussel, which is typically only found at cold seeps or similar environments where it uses sulfur compounds as an energy source. "It is amazing to see how deep-sea bacteria can transform foreign substances such as wood to provide energy for cold-seep mussels on their journey through the deep ocean", said Antje Boetius, chief scientist of the expedition. Furthermore, the researchers discovered unknown species of deep-sea worms, which have been described by taxonomic experts in Germany and the USA. Thus, sunken woods do not only promote the dispersal of rare deep-sea animals, but also form hotspots of biodiversity at the deep seafloor.
###
Original publication:
Bienhold C, Pop Ristova P, Wenzhfer F, Dittmar T, Boetius A (2013)
How Deep-Sea Wood Falls Sustain Chemosynthetic Life.
PLoS ONE 8(1): e53590 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0053590
[ | E-mail | Share ]
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Wood on the seafloor -- an oasis for deep-sea lifePublic release date: 22-Jan-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Dr. Christina Bienhold cbienhol@mpi-bremen.de 49-421-202-8869 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Sunken woods promote the dispersal of rare deep-sea animals, forming hotspots of biodiversity at the deep seafloor
This press release is available in German.
Trees do not grow in the deep sea, nevertheless sunken pieces of wood can develop into oases for deep-sea life - at least temporarily until the wood is fully degraded. A team of Max Planck researchers from Germany now showed how sunken wood can develop into attractive habitats for a variety of microorganisms and invertebrates. By using underwater robot technology, they confirmed their hypothesis that animals from hot and cold seeps would be attracted to the wood due to the activity of bacteria, which produce hydrogen sulfide during wood degradation.
Many of the animals thriving at hydrothermal vents and cold seeps require special forms of energy such as methane and hydrogen sulfide emerging from the ocean floor. They carry bacterial symbionts in their body, which convert the energy from these compounds into food. The vents and seeps are often separated by hundreds of kilometers of deep-sea desert, with no connection between them.
For a long time it was an unsolved mystery how animals can disperse between those rare oases of energy in the deep sea. One hypothesis was that sunken whale carcasses, large dead algae, and also sunken woods could serve as food source and temporary habitat for deep-sea animals, but only if bacteria were able to produce methane and sulfur compounds from it.
To tackle this question, the team deposited wood logs on the Eastern Mediterranean seafloor at depths of 1700 meters and returned after one year to study the fauna, bacteria, and chemical microgradients.
"We were surprised how many animals had populated the wood already after one year. The main colonizers were wood-boring bivalves of the genus Xylophaga, also named "shipworms" after their shallow-water counterparts. The wood-boring Xylophaga essentially constitute the vanguard and prepare the habitat for other followers," Bienhold said. But they also need assistance from bacteria, namely to make use of the cellulose from the wood, which is difficult to digest."
The team of researchers observed that the wood-boring bivalves had cut large parts of the wood into smaller chips, which were further degraded by many other organisms. This activity led to the consumption of oxygen, enabling the production of hydrogen sulfide by sulfate-reducing microorganisms. And indeed, the researchers also found a mussel, which is typically only found at cold seeps or similar environments where it uses sulfur compounds as an energy source. "It is amazing to see how deep-sea bacteria can transform foreign substances such as wood to provide energy for cold-seep mussels on their journey through the deep ocean", said Antje Boetius, chief scientist of the expedition. Furthermore, the researchers discovered unknown species of deep-sea worms, which have been described by taxonomic experts in Germany and the USA. Thus, sunken woods do not only promote the dispersal of rare deep-sea animals, but also form hotspots of biodiversity at the deep seafloor.
###
Original publication:
Bienhold C, Pop Ristova P, Wenzhfer F, Dittmar T, Boetius A (2013)
How Deep-Sea Wood Falls Sustain Chemosynthetic Life.
PLoS ONE 8(1): e53590 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0053590
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Here at Odsi we're more than a competitive online reseller of brand name tape media. We focus on all of the things that are of interest to our customers, not only in saving you money but also in saving you time.
View all articles by Mark Paul If you want to protect your business data, you will have to make sure that you regularly follow a data backup plan. It is said that the major reason for business failure is the loss of dat. This data is not any ordinary form of data; it is extremely important and confidential in nature and it is worth more than millions of dollars. Business would do anything just to get their data back but it is absolutely impossible to get it back if you haven?t stored it on any other medium other than the computer?s hard disk.
There are so many reasons which can account for data loss and sometimes there is absolutely nothing which could have been done to save the data. Computers are only machines after all and every machine cannot be reliable. There are so many instances where the computers break down and stop working. This means that all of the data has also gone away with the computer and you can consider it lost forever if it wasn?t stored anywhere else. Backups have been invented for such purposes and in today?s world data backup has been made almost compulsory. Every business has shifted from ordinary paper work and files to the use of computers. Computerized systems within organizations require huge amounts to data to work on a routinely basis and this is why the business data is so crucial in nature.
There is absolutely no reason to avoid backing up data because with so many advancements in the backup technology, the process of backing up data has been made easier and less time consuming. One of the best things you can do for your business is to get a HP DDS4 tape. Tape drives are absolutely fantastic for this entire process and the backing up of data is done so smoothly and quickly that no extra effort has to be put in.
Tape drives allow users to read and write off data. This data is stored on a magnetic tape and it can be accessed later on whenever required. We all are familiar with the HP products and we know that HP products are always of the best quality and they give the best performance. Same is the case with the HP DDS4 tape as it gives the best performance for the data backup process.
The HP DDS4 tape is ideal to be used in small businesses which have less data that needs to be backed up. It is important to decide how much of data you need to backup. Some businesses choose to back up the entire data they have on their computer systems while some only backup the most important data. This tape drive has a native storage capacity of up to 20 GB and this can be increased to up to 40 GB for the storage of compressed data. Also, the tape drive has a longer life and can be used for up to a thousand back to back passes and it will not deplete before that.
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On 1 July I became Associate Dean for Undergraduate Education of one of the world?s largest schools of international affairs: the School of International Service (SIS) at American University in Washington, DC. Since then, I?ve been largely engaged in a process of rethinking, along with the SIS faculty as a whole, just what it is we are doing when we educate our undergraduate students. We have almost 2,000 of them, so this is a pressing concern, made all the more so by the fact that it had been decades since we really examined the degree as a whole, and not just as an agglomeration of interesting topical classes and a vague emphasis on breadth. Precisely what do we think it means to be educated in international studies? I?m happy to report that we at SIS are busily fleshing out the answer to that question both conceptually and institutionally.
Since I know that many colleges?and programs within them?also are thinking more intentionally about undergraduate learning outcomes, I plan to share in this and future posts just one example of reflective and collaborative practice as a potential model from which others might learn.? Over the next few months I will post status updates as we put our plans into action, but for this first post I want to simply present the broad consensus we came up with about what our undergraduate degree is supposed to be all about.
As our website says, SIS?s overall goal is ?to educate graduates of a special type: individuals whose personal and societal principles offer the promise of success in the rigorous conditions of an increasingly interconnected and complex world.? We are giving our students at whatever level the skills, knowledge, and critical intellectual capacity to work on ways of addressing the world?s most pressing challenges. But accomplishing this at the undergraduate level is not a simple matter of translating our MA curriculum into undergraduate courses?it involves a comprehensive and integrated curriculum that aims to bring students from their educational experiences in high school into a wider world of learning focused on world politics broadly understood. This is distinct from the kind of professional training and certification that is the hallmark of a terminal MA in any of the fields in which we offer graduate degrees; it is equally distinct from the kind of professional socialization into the world of international relations scholarship that is the hallmark of our PhD program.
Our undergraduate degree is a bachelor of arts in international studies, which is a liberal arts degree. Our program should therefore be firmly rooted in the liberal arts and sciences, interdisciplinary to the core, and aimed at helping students become better intellectually equipped to think critically and clearly about the most pressing global challenges that we face. It should also be an opportunity for students to find their truest vocations, to discover their passions and to become who they are: citizens of a planet characterized by overlapping worlds composed of a myriad of complex relations that defy simple or simplistic summaries. Our primary job as educators of undergraduates is to help inculcate in our students the critical intellectual dispositions and expanded moral imaginations that will help them, to put it bluntly, shape the global future. The greatest service we can provide for our undergraduate students is to provide them the occasion to develop their ability to think critically, creatively, and independently about important global issues, all the while confronting what Max Weber called the ?uncomfortable facts? that raise difficulties for partisan, naively utopian, or otherwise unsustainably narrow points of view.
This mission animates the learning outcomes for the BA in international studies that were approved by the SIS faculty this year:
Demonstrate critical thinking as evidenced through both written work and oral presentation
Interpret issues from multiple cultural and philosophical perspectives
Demonstrate an understanding of the role of values, ethics, and justice in international affairs
Understand and apply theories and models drawn from appropriate disciplines such as political science, history, and economics to international affairs
Display in-depth knowledge of one or more global or regional challenges
Demonstrate competency in articulating a research question and designing and executing a research project
Demonstrate at least four-semester proficiency in a foreign language
Of course, having learning outcomes? even good ones, rooted in a lot of contemporary thinking about the purpose of undergraduate education? is only the opening salvo in the battle to produce high-quality education. But at least we have goals for the program as a whole now, and we can use those goals as points of reference as we engage in the hard but necessary work of realigning the curriculum and our specific courses so as to most effectively meet these goals. Stay tuned!
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Public release date: 22-Jan-2013
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